{"id":16000,"date":"2022-03-04T02:30:09","date_gmt":"2022-03-03T23:30:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.coinmuhendisi.com\/?p=16000"},"modified":"2022-03-04T02:30:09","modified_gmt":"2022-03-03T23:30:09","slug":"kapsamli-inceleme-nft-ve-nft-tokenler-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/coinmuhendisi.com\/blog\/kapsamli-inceleme-nft-ve-nft-tokenler-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Kapsaml\u0131 \u0130nceleme: NFT ve NFT Tokenler Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bu makalede son d\u00f6nemde inan\u0131lmaz ilgi g\u00f6ren NFT ve NFT tokenler konusunu detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Coinm\u00fchendisi.com<\/strong> olarak, keyifli okumalar dileriz\u2026<\/p>\n

Sanat\u0131 olu\u015fturan fakt\u00f6rler nelerdir?<\/b><\/p>\n

Sanat\u0131n en sade \u015fekilde, insan\u0131n kendisini ifade etmesine yarayan bir dil olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her d\u00f6nemin sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, o d\u00f6neme ait toplumsal pratiklerin etkisi alt\u0131nda geli\u015fti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Nihayetinde sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n toplumda meydana gelen siyasi, ekonomik, bilimsel ve sanatsal olgulardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin (M.\u00d6 3200) Antikite \u00e7a\u011flar\u0131nda kayalar\u0131n \u00fczerlerine \u00e7izilen \u00e7e\u015fitli fig\u00fcrlerle ba\u015flayan \u201cPrimitif Sanat\u201d b\u00f6ylesi uygulamalardan izler ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Sonraki d\u00f6nemde Platon\u2019la ba\u015flayan ve Aristoteles ile devam eden sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, sanat tanr\u0131n\u0131n evini g\u00fczelle\u015ftirmek olmal\u0131d\u0131r, \u015feklinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Aristo ise (M\u00d6 384 \u2013 c. M\u00d6 322) \u201cSanat\u0131 anlatmak i\u00e7in sanat\u00e7\u0131y\u0131 zorunlu bir bi\u00e7imde do\u011fada ya\u015fan\u0131lan\u0131 taklit etmeye iten kesin bir doktrin vard\u0131r.\u201d diye tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00fcnyada Skolastik felsefenin etkisi ile orta \u00e7a\u011f d\u00f6neminde (375 \u2013 1453) sanat din i\u00e7in olmal\u0131d\u0131r anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.1] \u00a0Erken Hristiyan sanat\u0131,\u00a0Kavimler G\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc sanat\u0131,\u00a0Bizans sanat\u0131,\u00a0Romanesk sanat\u0131,\u00a0Gotik sanat\u00a0orta \u00e7a\u011f\u2019da geli\u015fen ak\u0131mlar olmakla beraber\u00a0Anglosakson sanat\u0131\u00a0ve\u00a0Viking sanat\u0131\u00a0gibi belirli Uluslara ait sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 da geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. [2]\n

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Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011funda ise sanat eserlerinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda dini de\u011ferlerin el yazmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu ve daha \u00e7ok Mimar Sinan gibi mimarlar\u0131n yap\u0131sal eserleri oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Eserlerin kaynaklar\u0131 \u0130mparatora ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in genellikle ilerlemeler ve yap\u0131tlar onun iste\u011fine g\u00f6re \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir.\u00a0 1493 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130spanyol g\u00f6\u00e7meni David ve Samuel \u0130bn Nahmias Karde\u015fler taraf\u0131ndan \u0130stanbul\u2019da matbaan\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 ile bas\u0131lan eserler olsa da \u0130branice, Yunanca, \u0130spanyolca ve Latince dilinde dini konular eserlerin i\u00e7erik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Matbaada T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, Arap\u00e7a dillerinde eser basmak yasak olmas\u0131 eserlerin imparatorluk geneline yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7A\u011eI yakalamas\u0131n\u0131 geciktirmi\u015ftir. R\u00f6nesans, yeni \u00e7a\u011f (1453\u20131789) d\u00f6neminde Copernicus, Bruno, Kepler, Da vinci, Galilei, Bacon gibi bilim insanlar\u0131 astronomi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve teleskopla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlerle elde etti\u011fi veriler ile d\u00fcnyan\u0131n, evrenin merkezinde de\u011fil galaksinin k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki bir y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7evresinde d\u00f6nen 3-5 gezegenden birisi oldu\u011funu anlam\u0131\u015flar ve dini motiflerden daha \u00e7ok bireysel tutumlar, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, astronomi gibi kavramlar\u0131 anlatan sanat\u00e7\u0131lar olmay\u0131 ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. R\u00f6nesans sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 sermayedarlar\u0131n ve kalabal\u0131klar\u0131n takdirini toplayabildikleri nispette sanatlar\u0131ndan para kazanabilmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemin sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130talya\u2019da, bilhassa Floransa\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n da sebebi Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Botticelli gibi sanat\u00e7\u0131lar, Medici ailesinin sipari\u015f ettirdi\u011fi eserleri satarak para kazan\u0131p, kariyerlerini in\u015fa etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131d\u0131r. R\u00f6nesans\u2019la birlikte insano\u011flu kendini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hissedip insan\u0131 odak noktas\u0131na alan h\u00fcmanizm ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatmas\u0131 ile eserlerini buna y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Mozart\u2019\u0131n Don Giovanni operas\u0131, bu d\u00f6nemi iyi yans\u0131tan \u00f6rneklerdendir. Bu d\u00f6nemde romantizm ve rokoko etkisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. R\u00f6nesans\u2019tan sonra yeni \u00e7a\u011f ile birlikte (yakla\u015f\u0131k 1789) sanayi devriminin ba\u015flamas\u0131 sonucu sanayi devriminin Klasisizmin anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile do\u011fan d\u00f6nemsel durumlar\u0131 anlatmak \u00fczere kurulan sanat anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n getirdi\u011fi s\u0131k\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kuralc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n hissedilmesi, ifade zorunlulu\u011fu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na isyan ederek modern sanat\u00e7\u0131lar ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f ve bu sanat\u00e7\u0131lar kendi modern d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle \u201cge\u00e7mi\u015ften ve onun sembollerinden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir s\u00fcre\u00e7\u201d ba\u015flatma projesi hayat\u0131na ge\u00e7ilmi\u015f, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz sanat\u0131na kadar uzanan bu d\u00f6nemde sanat toplum i\u00e7in mi yoksa sanat sanat i\u00e7in midir? sorular\u0131 ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz sanat\u0131nda dikkat \u00e7ekme ve s\u0131radanl\u0131k yeterli gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Andy Warhol gibi sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 bunun i\u00e7in iyi birer \u00f6rnek olmu\u015ftur. Warhol\u2019un sanat\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fi noktada kendini \u201cister sanat, ister ticaret, ister reklam d\u00fczeyinde olsun, her alanda i\u015fe yarayan bir makineyim\u201d diye tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle sanat\u0131 toplumdan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. [1] [3]\n

Tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te ya\u015fanan bu de\u011fi\u015fimler sonras\u0131nda sanat i\u00e7in evrensel ge\u00e7erli\u011fi olan tek bir tan\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131 olanaks\u0131z hale getirmi\u015ftir. Fakat g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz zaman\u0131nda bir sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n sanat\u0131ndan para kazanabilmesi ge\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6nemlerin \u00e7o\u011fu a\u015famalar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi siyasi otoritenin veya i\u015f adamlar\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fi ile (patronaj) denilen sistemin etkisiyle sanat\u0131n olu\u015fabildi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu durum nedeniyle sergileme ve tan\u0131t\u0131mda alan yetersizli\u011fi, sanat\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi yans\u0131tamamas\u0131na ve halk\u0131n tamam\u0131na yay\u0131lamamas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

<\/figure>\n

\u00d6zg\u00fcr sanat ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n var olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in nas\u0131l bir ortam gereklidir?<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de sanat\u0131n ve sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011ferlerinin anla\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kazan\u00e7lar\u0131na \u00f6nem verilmedi\u011fi, \u00f6nem verilenlerinde sergileme alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi nedeniyle siyasi otorite veya i\u015f adamlar\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fini almak zorunda kalmalar\u0131 ve aksi takdirde bu durumlardan, ekonomik s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lardan dolay\u0131 sanatlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcreklili\u011finin olmamas\u0131 ve buna g\u00f6re hareket etmeleri sanat\u0131n ilerlemesinde b\u00fcy\u00fck engeli olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. D\u00fcnyada ve \u00dclkemizde teknolojinin ilerlemesi ile bilgisayarda olu\u015fturulmaya ba\u015flan\u0131lan sanat\u0131n y\u0131llarca 2 boyutlu ve 3 boyutlu (3 Max, Blender 3d, Cinema 4d, ZBrush, Maya, Unreal Engine, Unity, vb..) programlar\u0131yla \u00e7izim ve oyun yapan sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011ferleri anla\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 sonucu \u00e7ok fazla zaman ve emek verip \u00e7ok az kazanmak durumunda kalman\u0131n sorunsal\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015famalar\u0131na\u00a0 neden olmu\u015ftur. Teknolojinin ilerlemesine ra\u011fmen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yeterince platformlarda sergilenip tan\u0131t\u0131lamamas\u0131 ayn\u0131 zamanda bu durumu iyile\u015ftirecek sistemin olmamas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir eksiklik olarak hissedilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Bu y\u00fczden sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n eserlerinin yeterince de\u011fer g\u00f6rmemesi veya eserlere az para verilmesi, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n numune g\u00f6nderilen yer taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7al\u0131nmas\u0131 gibi durumlar olmas\u0131 ve buna y\u0131llarca katlanmak zorunda kalmalar\u0131 sanatsal iyile\u015fmenin sa\u011flanamamas\u0131na hatta insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha ileri noktalara gelmesine engel te\u015fkil etti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00dclkemize \u00f6zellikle SWOT analizi de\u011ferlemesi ile bak\u0131l\u0131nca g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc taraf\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan gen\u00e7 neslin sanat\u0131n\u0131 katma de\u011fer anlam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilemedi\u011fi, d\u00fcnyaya tan\u0131t\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu sadece \u00fclkemizde de\u011fil d\u00fcnyadaki bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke insan\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli bir durumu olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Yeni bir sistemin gereksinimi hem de\u011ferli eserlerin hem de oyunlar\u0131n tasarlan\u0131p sat\u0131lmas\u0131, sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n geli\u015fim a\u015famalar\u0131nda katma de\u011fer sa\u011flamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in Blockchain i\u00e7inde NFT ve Metaverse kurulmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furmu\u015ftur. 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 itibari ile en \u00e7ok satan oyunlar ve geli\u015ftiriciler diye Wikipedia internet sitesine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en iyi oyun geli\u015ftiricileri aras\u0131nda \u00dclkemiz insanlar\u0131n\u0131n ilk 10 i\u00e7erisine girdi\u011fi ve bu \u00e7o\u011fu oyun i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

NFT neden gereklidir?<\/b><\/p>\n

2017 de ODT\u00dc\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eventbrite program\u0131nda \u0130stanbul ve Londra\u2019da iki st\u00fcdyoda toplamda 77 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131yla faaliyet g\u00f6steren Gram Games CEO\u2019su Mehmet Ecevit\u2019e \u015firketin s\u0131r gibi \u00f6zelli\u011fini soruldu\u011funda \u201cBizde stat\u00fc yoktur, bizde m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck yoktur, bizde \u00e7ay da\u011f\u0131tan g\u00f6revli bile istedi\u011fi gibi oyunlar ilgili fikrini s\u00f6yleyebilir, beyin f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131na kat\u0131l\u0131p tart\u0131\u015fabilir.\u201d dedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bir\u00e7ok oyunu Amerika ve Avrupa mobil platformlar\u0131nda ve d\u00fcnyada birinci s\u0131raya gelme ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 olan bu \u015firketin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumu bir yerden tan\u0131d\u0131k gelmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ecevit\u2019in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck modelde de olsa da\u011f\u0131t\u0131k yap\u0131 \u015firket modelini anlat\u0131yor olmas\u0131, bu \u015fekilde \u015firketin sekt\u00f6re ve oyun severlere kaliteli oyunlar sunarak ayr\u0131ca olu\u015fturdu\u011fu katma de\u011fer ile ne kadar \u00e7ok \u015fey ba\u015fard\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan \u015firketin 250 milyon dolar (3 Milyar Lira) ve ek \u00f6demeler ile 2018 y\u0131l\u0131 ba\u015flar\u0131nda d\u00fcnyaca \u00fcnl\u00fc oyun geli\u015ftiricisi Zynga taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu durum \u00dclkemizde var olan gen\u00e7lerin nas\u0131l bir potansiyele sahip oldu\u011fu ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyadaki insanlar\u0131n beklentilerinin neler oldu\u011funun anlamak ad\u0131na firmalar i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli bir olay olmu\u015ftur. Blockchain \u00fczerindeki platformlar ile e\u011fitim ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda yeterli \u015fekilde (yaz\u0131l\u0131msal ve donan\u0131msal)\u00a0 destek olunmas\u0131 durumunda gelecekte \u00dclkemize ve D\u00fcnyam\u0131za \u00e7ok daha fazla de\u011fer katacak potansiyeller ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

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Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m tekellerinin devri bitiyor mu?<\/b><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sanat\u00e7\u0131lar, eserlerini kitlelerle bulu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek bir komisyon talep eden arac\u0131larla anla\u015fmak zorunda kalmas\u0131, yazarlar\u0131n kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131rmak ve rafa \u00e7\u0131karabilmek i\u00e7in bir yay\u0131nevi bulmak zorunda kalmas\u0131, ressamlar da resimlerini satabilmek i\u00e7in galerilere ba\u015fvurmak zorunda kalmas\u0131 sonucu tekelle\u015fmi\u015f sergicilerin ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. Bunlar\u0131n ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek komisyonlarsa hem sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n hem de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yay\u0131nevlerinin s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015famas\u0131na nenden olmu\u015ftur. NFT\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 ile eser olu\u015fturucular\u0131n\u0131n isimlerini internetten duyurabilmesini ve eserlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck komisyonlarla satabilmesini olanakl\u0131 k\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rnek olarak poster tasar\u0131m ve \u00e7izer Tar\u0131k Tolunay\u2019\u0131n anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re \u201cBir posterim var ve firmaya benim posterim var da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r m\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z veya sergiler misiniz?\u201d diye soruldu\u011fu zaman, firmalar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131r\u0131m veya sergilerim ama k\u00e2r\u0131n y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r\u0131m dedi\u011fini, geriye y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu y\u00fczde 40\u2019\u0131n da y\u00fczde 35\u2019inin maliyet oldu\u011funu zaten b\u00f6ylece y\u00fczde 5\u2019in ancak tasar\u0131mc\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Tar\u0131k Tolunay, bu olay\u0131n \u00e7ok adaletsiz ve k\u00f6t\u00fc bir durum olu\u015fturdu\u011funu ama ba\u015fka bir yol olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in buna mecbur kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Tolunay s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor:<\/p>\n

Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m tekellerinin hi\u00e7birine eserimi kurban edemem. Shopier \u00fczerinden posterlerimi ve fine art\u2019lar\u0131m\u0131 satmaya ba\u015flad\u0131m ve sadece y\u00fczde 5 komisyon istendi\u011fi internetin art\u0131k eski y\u00f6ntemleri k\u0131rmaya ve yerine yeni y\u00f6ntemler koymaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck. NFT ile sisteminin daha \u00e7ok geli\u015fece\u011fini sanat\u0131n daha \u00e7ok de\u011ferlenece\u011fine inan\u0131yorum.4]\n

NFT nedir?\u00a0 NFT neden ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcnden daha de\u011ferlidir?<\/b><\/p>\n

NFT\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u201cNon Fungible Token\u201ddir. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u201cDe\u011fi\u015ftirilemeyen Token\u201d anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fi bilinmektedir. NFT\u2019nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131nda herkesin g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 asl\u0131nda dikkat edilmesi gereken \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu s\u00f6zc\u00fck Token olarak ifade edilmi\u015ftir. Yani bu bir g\u00f6rsel, sessel veya ba\u015fka \u015fekilde olu\u015fmu\u015f varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kripto para gibi dijitalle\u015ftirilmesi yani kriptolojik olarak kodlanm\u0131\u015f halidir diye tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

NFT, olarak olu\u015fmu\u015f varl\u0131k bir de\u011fere sahip olup ve bu de\u011feri parasal olarak tahsil edilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilmektedir. Burada as\u0131l \u00f6nemli olan kriptolojik varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dijitalli\u011fini ilk defa olu\u015ftururken iyi \u015fekilde\u00a0 saklamak oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Herhangi bir sanat eseri, video, tweet, bir internet sayfas\u0131, araba ruhsat\u0131, okul diplomas\u0131 gibi g\u00f6rseller, sosyal medyada veya dijitalde olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz hik\u00e2yeler,\u00a0 futbol kartlar\u0131, oyun kartlar\u0131, tablolar veya antika e\u015fyalar, m\u00fczik, ma\u00e7 vb. varl\u0131klar\u0131n Blockchain i\u00e7erisinde kriptolojik olarak kodlanmas\u0131 bu kod ile block olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 eseri e\u015fsiz (Non-Fungible) yapmakta yeterli olmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc eserin benzer s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc veya \u00fczerindeki herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile tekrar NFT olu\u015fturularak sat\u0131lmak istenmesi onun kriptolojik kodunu de\u011fi\u015ftirece\u011fi i\u00e7in eser ayn\u0131 \u00f6zellikte olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 zamanda eserin bu kodu ile Blockchain resmi web sayfas\u0131ndan i\u00e7erisinde hangi hesaba ait oldu\u011funu ve ge\u00e7mi\u015f bilgileri g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilece\u011fi i\u00e7in eserin do\u011frulamas\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Herhangi ekspertiz olmadan yap\u0131lan bu do\u011frulama ile eserin ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc ile ayn\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla e\u015fsiz oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lacak ve eserin de\u011feri buna g\u00f6re belirlenebilece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. NFT\u2019nin meta verilerine imzalar\u0131n\u0131 ekleyerek sanat eserlerini ilk olu\u015fturanlar orijinalli\u011fini de b\u00f6ylece korumu\u015f olacaklard\u0131r. Asl\u0131nda eserin ka\u00e7 adet olaca\u011f\u0131, sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n kendisine alaca\u011f\u0131 komisyon oran\u0131 eser satabilmek i\u00e7in i\u00e7erdi\u011fi \u00f6zellikleri ile olu\u015fturulan ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan haberi olan konu ile ilgili olan ki\u015filer eserin ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc ile ayn\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kolayl\u0131kla fark\u0131nda oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir. Ayn\u0131 zamanda tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcvenilir NFT sat\u0131\u015f platformlar\u0131 orijinal eser diye belirterek veya orijinal eserin sat\u0131\u015f noktas\u0131n\u0131 budur diyerek sizi y\u00f6nlendirebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

<\/figure>\n

Dijital c\u00fczdan\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak olu\u015fturulmu\u015f herhangi dijital eserinizi OpenSea, Rarible, Nifty, Gateway, superRare, Enjin ve Decentraland gibi platformlarda sergilerken \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda istenilen GAS \u00fccretlerinin (feelerin)\u00a0 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 herkesin eline ne ge\u00e7erse platforma koymamas\u0131 i\u00e7in cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi de bulunmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6zellik olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Para kazanmak i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi NFT olarak koyman\u0131n para kazand\u0131rmamas\u0131 sonucu insanlar\u0131n eserlerini al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n talebi do\u011frultusunda olu\u015fturacaklar\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu piyasada d\u00f6neme g\u00f6re pop\u00fcler NFT karakterleri de di\u011fer NFT\u2019lere g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksek \u00fccret ile sat\u0131labilmektedir. Bug\u00fcnlerde 2022 \u015eubat ay\u0131 itibari ile CryptoPunks\u2019lar daha y\u00fcksek \u00fccretlerden sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 izlenilmektedir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm y\u00f6nleriyle NFT \u0130ncelemesi<\/b><\/p>\n

NFT sanat\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015fmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan muazzam bir potansiyel ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. NFT\u2019yi heyecan verici yapan \u015fey, bu bin y\u0131ll\u0131k patronaj sistemini ortadan kald\u0131rma potansiyeli yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, NFT \u00fczerinden eserini satan sanat\u00e7\u0131 i\u00e7in ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fme ile bildirilen komisyona g\u00f6re paras\u0131n\u0131 (tokenini) sonraki her sat\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan pay almay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor olmas\u0131 cazip gelmektedir. Bu durum \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6rneklendirilebilinir; \u00d6rne\u011fin M\u00fczik piyasas\u0131na \u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi burnunda bir m\u00fczisyen girmi\u015f oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131ls\u0131n, ad\u0131n\u0131 duyan kimse olmas\u0131n. \u0130lk \u015farks\u0131n\u0131 YouTube\u2019a y\u00fckledi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman aradan 1 y\u0131l ge\u00e7ip bu \u015fark\u0131 bir \u015fekilde YouTube\u2019da 50 milyon dinlenmeye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumda bu senaryo i\u00e7in tek bir ihtimal kalmakta, bir plak \u015firketiyle anla\u015fma imzalay\u0131p alb\u00fcm yapmak ve bu yolla para kazanmak ve gelirin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc zorunlu olarak plak \u015firketiyle payla\u015fmak durumunda kalmas\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc bir durum olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Oysa NFT ile i\u015fler de\u011fi\u015fecek\u2026\u00a0Sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u0130lk \u015fark\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 YouTube\u2019a y\u00fcklerken belli say\u0131da NFT\u2019ledi\u011fi varsay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman 1 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 50 milyon dinlenmeye ula\u015fan bu sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n eserinin 10 y\u0131lda 1 milyar dinlenmesi ve haliyle bir m\u00fczik efsanesine\u00a0d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi ihtimali ve NFT\u2019sine olan ra\u011fbet artmas\u0131 bir hayli y\u00fcksek olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bu sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n orjinal NFT\u2019sini elinde tutmak isteyen bir\u00e7ok yer ve insan olaca\u011f\u0131ndan her NFT\u2019sinden de komisyon alacak olmas\u0131 ile sanat\u00e7\u0131 iyi bir gelir elde etmi\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 \u015fey resim vb bir\u00e7ok sanat i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. [5]\n

NFT bir sanat eseri de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131r m\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n

Konuya baz\u0131 durumlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek bak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce s\u00f6yledi\u011fimiz gibi bir sanat eserini de\u011ferli yapan \u015fey nedir? sorusuna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel ser\u00fcveni, toplumdaki konumu, eseriyle kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fki, eserin ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131, toplum nezdinde ki anlam\u0131, eserin \u00f6zelli\u011fine g\u00f6re eseri alacak ki\u015fide memnuniyet olu\u015fturma durumu, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in yararl\u0131 olma durumu gibi \u00f6zellikler klasik eser ile ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde olsa da modern dijital sanat i\u00e7inde yapay zeka ile \u00fcretilip \u00fcretilmedi\u011fi, \u00a0NFT\u2019nin en fazla \u00fcretim say\u0131s\u0131 ve Metaverse i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131p kullan\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli Metaverseler i\u00e7erisinde ge\u00e7i\u015fkenlik \u00f6zelli\u011fi olma durumu, ak\u0131ll\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler olu\u015fturulurken\u00a0 bahsedilmi\u015f olunan kriterleri ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gibi cevaplar verilebilinmektedir. Bu sorulara verilebilecek cevaplar ile NFT\u2019nin de\u011feri de belirlenmektedir. Ancak, en fazla ne kadar de\u011ferli olabilece\u011fi sanatsal olarak neyi ifade etti\u011fi zaman ile g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecek bir durum oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

<\/figure>\n

Mart 2021\u2019de \u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan NFT\u2019nin ne oldu\u011funun duyulmas\u0131 Beeple ismiyle bilinen sanat\u00e7\u0131 Mike Winkelmann\u2019\u0131n NFT\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 5 bin g\u00fcnden fazla s\u00fcrede yap\u0131lan \u00e7izimlerden olu\u015fturulmu\u015f \u2018Everydays: The First 5000 Days\u2019 isimli dijital sanat eserini Londra\u2019da bulunan Christie\u2019s M\u00fczayede Evi\u2019nde 69.3 milyon dolara sat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.[6] \u00c7o\u011fu insan taraf\u0131ndan NFT\u2019nin ne oldu\u011fu bilinmemesi nedeniyle kolay yoldan kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f para olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, Sanat\u00e7\u0131 Beeple\u2019in kendisinin de bu rakamlarda sat\u0131\u015f beklemedi\u011fini belirtse dahi 5.000 g\u00fcn boyunca olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bu dijital eserin ismi bile eserin ne kadar s\u00fcrede olu\u015ftu\u011fu ve sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fi hakk\u0131nda insanlara bilgi verdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc en az 5.000 g\u00fcnd\u00fcr sanat i\u015fini kendi i\u015fi olarak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, ayn\u0131 zamanda sanat\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndeminde var politik ve apolitik olan durumlar\u0131 da anlatan \u00e7ok g\u00fczel karelerde bulunmas\u0131 takdir toplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eserin say\u0131 olarak bir tane olmas\u0131 ve sanat\u00e7\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan dijital imza ta\u015f\u0131mas\u0131 gibi \u00f6zelliklere bak\u0131larak toplumun ve alan ki\u015finin eseri sanat eseri olarak g\u00f6rmesinde bahsetti\u011fimiz fakt\u00f6rlerin etkili oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Twitter CEO\u2019su Jack Dorsey ilk tweetinin NFT\u2019sini 2,9 milyon dolara satmas\u0131, bu \u015fekilde birka\u00e7 NFT\u2019nin daha sat\u0131lmas\u0131 insanlar\u0131n asl\u0131nda NFT balon mu \u00e7\u00f6kecek mi bu sa\u00e7mal\u0131k m\u0131? Niye b\u00f6yle \u015feyler sat\u0131l\u0131yor? diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesine neden olmu\u015ftu. Refik Anadol gibi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f NFT sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 bu tarz farkl\u0131 \u015feylerin sat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenini \u201cNFT d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ilk defa bu \u015fekilde ortaya bir \u015feyler konulmas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d diye yorumlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. NFT\u2019nin ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferinin insanlar i\u00e7in NFT\u2019ler al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k haline gelip kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131nca artaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. 15 Aral\u0131k 2021 de Refik Anadol\u2019un OpenSea\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan\u00a0\u2018Machine Hallucinations\u2013Nature Dreams AI Data Sculpture 1\/1 2021 adl\u0131 NFT eseri \u2018mabu\u2019\u00a0isimli koleksiyoner taraf\u0131ndan yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.2 milyon dolara sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve 02-04 Aral\u0131k 2021 de Murat Pak\u2019\u0131n \u2018Merge\u2019 NFT projesi 100 milyon dolar\u0131 a\u015fan sat\u0131\u015f\u0131yla rekor k\u0131rmas\u0131 NFT projelerinde insanlar\u0131n sanat ile u\u011fra\u015fan ki\u015filere de\u011fer verdi\u011fini ayn\u0131 zamanda T\u00fcrklerin ne kadar ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steren \u00f6rnekler olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

NFT\u2019nin iyi fiyattan sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in olmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6zellikleri ve NFT h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/b><\/p>\n

NFT\u2019nin iyi bir sat\u0131\u015f ile kar elde edilebilmesi i\u00e7in Discord, Telegram\u2019dan veya ba\u015fka sosyal medya platformdan hi\u00e7bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi dahi olmayan eserin bir topluluk olu\u015fturarak sat\u0131lan varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 birka\u00e7 kez el de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi ve y\u00fcksek fiyatlar teklif edilmesi toplumda o esere kar\u015f\u0131 de\u011ferliymi\u015f alg\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ile NFT\u2019lerin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 bir nevi aldatma olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de asl\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok sosyal medya platformunda de\u011feri anla\u015f\u0131lan say\u0131lar\u0131n etkisi ve grup davran\u0131\u015f olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 kripto d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki topluluk fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6nemi devreye girmi\u015f olmas\u0131 yeni d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeninde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131k yap\u0131daki konumlanm\u0131\u015f topluluklar\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011finin \u00f6nemini g\u00f6stermektedir. Coinler ve NFT tokenlar\u0131n\u0131n da birbirlerini bir \u015fekilde desteklemesi bu grubun i\u00e7erisindeki bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fiye y\u00fcksek \u00fccretlerden maddi olarak geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f sa\u011flamas\u0131 sosyal medyadan Instagram, Youtube vb platformlardan da al\u0131\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fumuz \u00fczere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131k yap\u0131daki topluluklar\u0131n destekleri bir\u00e7ok \u015feyi etkiledi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nceki Web 3.0 yaz\u0131m\u0131zda belirtti\u011fimiz \u00fczere bu topluluklar gelece\u011fin habercisi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. 2021\u2019in ilk ay\u0131nda ya\u015fanan Gamestop olay\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi hisse senetlerinin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131nda dahi b\u00fcy\u00fck balinalardan (b\u00fcy\u00fck mebla\u011f kullanan yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lardan) daha \u00e7ok Reddit platformunda topluluk olarak bulunan, maddi olarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hissedarlar\u0131n say\u0131 olarak yeterince b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile nas\u0131l etki g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu durum topluluk olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ile b\u00fcy\u00fck balinalar\u0131n de\u011fil k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hissedarlar\u0131n hisse senedinin fiyat\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edebilece\u011finin en g\u00fczel \u00f6rne\u011fini olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer NFT sat\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kendi NFT\u2019lerini satmak isteyenlerin uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdiklerden birisi de tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f NFT sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na hediye NFT g\u00f6nderilmesi oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ki\u015fi gelen NFT\u2019yi platformda sergiledi\u011fi anda g\u00f6nderen ki\u015fi kendisinin di\u011fer eserlerinin de\u011ferlenece\u011fini bilmektedir. Fakat burada tehlikeli olan k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetle hediye g\u00f6nderilen NFT\u2019lerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011fi vir\u00fcsler kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilgisayar\u0131na veya NFT eserine hasar veriyor hatta NFT\u2019lerinin \u00e7al\u0131nmas\u0131na neden olmas\u0131yd\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden art\u0131k tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f sat\u0131c\u0131lar hediye gelenlere hi\u00e7 dokunmadan silerek riski almamay\u0131 g\u00f6ze al\u0131yor ama hediye gelen NFT\u2019nin belli bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi varsa, sahibinin kim oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yorsa bunlar\u0131 kabul edebildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmekteydi.<\/p>\n

<\/figure>\n

NFT \u00fcniversitelerde sanat okullar\u0131nda okutulacak m\u0131? Sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131?<\/b><\/p>\n

Ankara \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc Necdet \u00dcn\u00fcvar, 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 bahar yar\u0131y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00fczel Sanatlar Fak\u00fcltesi\u2019ne se\u00e7meli \u2018NFT\u2019ye Giri\u015f\u2019 dersi konuldu\u011funu duyurdu. \u00dcn\u00fcvar, sosyal medya hesab\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131mda, senato karar\u0131yla, G\u00fczel Sanatlar Fak\u00fcltesi Temel Sanat E\u011fitimi B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc 70 ki\u015filik kontenjan ayr\u0131larak \u201cNFT\u2019ye giri\u015f\u201d dersi \u00fcniversitenin genel sosyal se\u00e7meli dersler havuzuna eklendi\u011fini belirtmi\u015fti. [7] Bu konu di\u011fer \u00dcniversitelere \u00f6rnek olabilir mi NFT\u2019ler gelece\u011fin d\u00fcnyas\u0131 olabilir mi? Diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek bu konuda bilgisi olan New York-Londra-T\u00fcrkiye \u00fc\u00e7geninde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan dijital medya sanat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Salih Aksu\u2019ya, \u2018Dijital sanat, sanat m\u0131d\u0131r?\u2019 ve \u00dcniversitede okutulmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz diye soruldu\u011fu zaman \u015fu \u015fekilde cevap vermi\u015ftir. \u201cModern sanat sergisine gelenler hep, \u2018Ne var ki ben de yapard\u0131m\u2019 gibi bir arg\u00fcmanla geliyorlar. Biz de \u2018E\u2019 yapsayd\u0131n o zaman\u2019 dedi\u011fimizi hat\u0131rl\u0131yoruz\u2026\u201d Bu kadar net olarak ifade ediyor. Peki, NFT ne demek diye sorulunca? Onu da \u015f\u00f6yle yan\u0131tl\u0131yor: \u201cBir de art\u0131k bu \u00e7a\u011fda sanat\u0131 t\u00fcketti\u011fimiz form de\u011fi\u015fti. Geleneksel sanat elbette hayat\u0131m\u0131zda olacak ama dijital sanat gelece\u011fin zaman\u0131, \u201cYeni nesil sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bunu bilmesi gerekiyor.\u201d demi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130yilik\u00a0i\u00e7in Sanat Derne\u011fi Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Selin Bozkurt ise\u00a0NFT\u2019nin sanat\u00e7\u0131lar i\u00e7in art\u0131k ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir platform oldu\u011funu belirterek, \u201cMetaverse\u2019nin de denkleme girmesi ile NFT \u00f6zellikle de belirli bir ya\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki sanat\u00e7\u0131lar i\u00e7in olmazsa olmaz bir alan.\u00a0Durum b\u00f6yleyken yeni nesil sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u00a0NFT\u2019yi bilmesi, uygulamas\u0131 \u015fart olmu\u015ftur. Ders olarak konulmas\u0131 da yerindedir. \u0130yi bir talep toplama arac\u0131 olmu\u015f, ilgi de g\u00f6recektir. \u201d demi\u015ftir. [8] NFT\u2019nin ders olarak okutulmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan sanat\u00e7\u0131lar insanlar\u0131n sadece para kazanma ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak konu ile ilgili olmas\u0131ndan yak\u0131n\u0131yor olsa da bu sanat\u00e7\u0131lar ayn\u0131 zamanda genel olarak NFT\u2018ye gelecekte ger\u00e7ekten bu i\u015fle ilgili ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nelece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmektedir.<\/p>\n

NFT: Gelecek mi?<\/b><\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6nemlerde oldu\u011fu gibi eserin toplum ilgili ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131, hikayesi, sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n kimli\u011fi nas\u0131l \u00f6nemliyse NFT i\u00e7inde ayn\u0131 \u00f6zellikler de\u011ferini gelecek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan belirleyece\u011fini s\u00f6ylenilmesi yaz\u0131da anlatt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re normal oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze sanat\u0131n ortaya konu\u015f bi\u00e7imindeki de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri toplumlar yad\u0131rgasa da-Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu d\u00f6neminde ya\u015fanan matbaa \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi-zamana, \u00e7a\u011fa ayak uydurmak ad\u0131na kabul etmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Fakat bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde \u00fclke i\u00e7in sa\u011flan\u0131lacak yaralardan faydalan\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f durumda oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu durum \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun Avrupa \u00dclkelerinin gerisinde kalmas\u0131na neden oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bundan dolay\u0131 zaman\u0131 yakalayabilmek ad\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015ften ders \u00e7\u0131kararak yenilikleri yakalamak \u00f6nemli olabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

<\/figure>\n

NFT i\u00e7in yeni bir sistem olmas\u0131, insanlar eserlerin ge\u00e7mi\u015ften farkl\u0131 olarak NFT\u2019nin farkl\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri ile Web 3.0 i\u00e7inde hangi boyutlara evrilece\u011fi \u015fimdiden t\u00fcm detaylar\u0131yla \u00f6ng\u00f6remese de metaverse d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda de\u011ferini nelerin belirleyece\u011fi bahsetmi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz \u00f6zelliklere g\u00f6re olu\u015faca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. NFT\u2019lerin dijital sanat oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerinin boyut olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilebildi\u011fi ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde ve yerlerde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 NFT\u2019lerin fark\u0131n\u0131 ve olumlu \u00f6zelli\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenilmektedir. Daha \u00f6nce sanat\u00e7\u0131lar sadece kendi \u015eehrini veya \u00dclkesini tan\u0131t\u0131m alan\u0131 olarak se\u00e7erken NFT\u2019nin geli\u015fim ile sanat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n sanat\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131p globalle\u015fmesini sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Daha \u00f6nceki Metaverse yaz\u0131m\u0131zda belirtti\u011fimiz gibi kripto paralar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 kald\u0131rmas\u0131 gibi NFT\u2019ler ve Metaverse\u2019ler s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 kald\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Blockchain \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sistemine de Web 3.0 yaz\u0131s\u0131nda bahsedildi\u011fi gibi firmalar h\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fekilde ad\u0131m atarken NFT\u2019lerin sanat olarak kabul edilmesi ve yaz\u0131da bahsedilen kriterlerin belirlenmesi ile \u00dcniversiteler taraf\u0131ndan \u015fimdiden okutulmak \u00fczere m\u00fcfredata konulmu\u015f durumda olunmas\u0131 NFT\u2019nin gelece\u011fine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tuttu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00dcniversite m\u00fcfredat\u0131na konulan NFT sanat dersleri ve devam\u0131nda gelecek Metaverse i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l NFT olabilir m\u00fcfredat\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketlerin Blockchain i\u00e7inde etkisi ile NFT ve Metaverse ile olu\u015fturulmu\u015f tokenlar\u0131n, coinler ile mecburi i\u015fbirli\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fck\u00e7e kripto varl\u0131klar\u0131n de\u011ferleri, gelece\u011finin \u00f6nemi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Buna y\u00f6nelik olarak her \u015feyi kriptolojik olarak de\u011ferlemek mant\u0131ksal g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gas \u00fccretlerinin (feeler) herkesin eline ne ge\u00e7erse platforma koymamas\u0131 i\u00e7in cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi bulunmas\u0131 ve ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc veya h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k ile elde edilmi\u015f NFT\u2019lerin bu d\u00f6nemde para kazand\u0131rsa da i\u015fin gelece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hikaye taraf\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/em><\/b><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. ERSOYDAN M .Y. (2012)( Modern sanat\u00e7\u0131lar yeniyi ya- 38 21. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda E\u011fitim ve Toplum Cilt 1 Say\u0131 3 K\u0131\u015f<\/em><\/li>\n
  2. https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Orta_%C3%87a%C4%9F_sanat%C4%B1<\/em><\/li>\n
  3. ERSOYDAN M .Y.(2014) Dergipark\/\/Tarihsel S\u00fcre\u00e7te Bat\u0131 Toplumunda Sosyolojik Olgular ve Sanat\u00e7\u0131 A Historical Sociology of Western Society Facts and Artist<\/em><\/li>\n
  4. https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/node\/349906\/ya\u015fam\/t\u00fcm-y\u00f6nleriyle-nft-\u00e7\u0131lg\u0131nl\u0131k-m\u0131-yoksa-gelece\u011fin-ta-kendisi-mi.<\/em><\/li>\n
  5. https:\/\/www.webtekno.com\/50-saniyelik-video-390-bin-dolar-nft-ile-nasil-para-kazanilir-h108247.html#<\/em><\/li>\n
  6. https:\/\/webrazzi.com\/2021\/03\/12\/nft-eserini-69-milyon-dolara-satan-beeple-yeni-bir-rekora-imza-atti\/<\/em><\/li>\n
  7. (https:\/\/www.ntv.com.tr\/turkiye\/ankara-universitesi-nftye-giris-dersini-secmeli-derslere-ekledi,RU5peMAxfU6fSBEKUIPWkA)<\/em><\/li>\n
  8. https:\/\/www.msn.com\/tr-tr\/haber\/yazarlar\/fulya-soyba%C5%9F-sanat-sanat-i%C3%A7in-mi-yoksa-nft-i%C3%A7in-mi\/ar-AASp5KK<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Bu makalede son d\u00f6nemde inan\u0131lmaz ilgi g\u00f6ren NFT ve NFT tokenler konusunu detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Kriptokoin.com olarak, keyifli …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":16001,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[21,296],"class_list":["post-16000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blockchain","tag-nft","tag-sanat"],"yoast_head":"\nKapsaml\u0131 \u0130nceleme: NFT ve NFT Tokenler Nedir? - Coin M\u00fchendisi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/coinmuhendisi.com\/blog\/kapsamli-inceleme-nft-ve-nft-tokenler-nedir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kapsaml\u0131 \u0130nceleme: NFT ve NFT Tokenler Nedir?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bu makalede son d\u00f6nemde inan\u0131lmaz ilgi g\u00f6ren NFT ve NFT tokenler konusunu detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. 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